Which of the following is not considered an independent instruction strategy?

Field trips are typically not categorized as an independent instruction strategy because they involve structured, teacher-guided experiences outside of the classroom. While they can provide valuable learning opportunities and enhance student engagement, they often require direct supervision and facilitation by educators. In contrast, independent instruction strategies, such as learning contracts, distance learning, and learning centers, empower students to take charge of their own learning, allowing them to work at their own pace, set their own goals, and engage with materials independently. These strategies foster self-direction and encourage students to develop critical thinking and problem-solving skills, making them more effective in promoting autonomy in the learning process.